Formula for Calculating the Surface Area of Ships

Body of the ship
Formula
Remarks
Deck Including Upper DeckDeck, Hatch Cover And Top of Ship
A=Loa * B * N

Loa: Full length of ship
B: Max width of ship
N:
Big oil tanker and bulk ship: 0.91
Cargo Ship: 0.88
Ocean Vessel: 0.84

Bilge and Water Line Part
A=(2 * d *B)* LPP * P
d: Max Draft with Load
B: Max width of ship
LPP: Length between two Poles
P: Shipbuilding Coefficient:
Big Oil Tanker: 0.90
Bulk Ship: 0.85
Dry Cargo Ship: 0.7-0.75
Freeboard
A=2 * H (Loa+0.5*B)
H: Height of freeboard
Loa: Full length of ship
B: Max width of ship
Water Line
A=2 * h *(LPP+0.5*B)
h: Width between water lines
LPP: Length between two Poles
B: Max width of ship